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"ïîòåðè îò íåîñïîðîçà â ñòðàíàõ Åâðîïåéñêîãî ñîþçà ñîñòàâëÿþò 50 ìëí. Euro, â Àâñòðàëèè -100 ìëí.$, à â ÑØÀ (òîëüêî â øòàòå Êàëèôîðíèÿ) - 35 ìëí.$. Ïðîáëåìà äîñòàòî÷íî àêòóàëüíà è äëÿ Ðîññèè.  íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ âîçáóäèòåëü ðåãèñòðèðóåòñÿ â 5 îáëàñòÿõ: Ìîñêîâñêîé, Êàëóæñêîé, Íèæåãîðîäñêîé, Èâàíîâñêîé è Áåëãîðîäñêîé."
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Î âàëèäíîñòè Neospora caninum è Hammondia hammondi
È.È.Âåðøèíèí
, ä.á.í., ïðîôåññîð,
Í.Â.Òåëÿòíèêîâà, ê.â.í., äîöåíò, Â.È.Ïåòðåíêî, ê.á.í., äîöåíò, ÓðÃÑÕÀ
[òåêñòà íåò - crl]
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Neospora oocysts very similar to , a non-pathogenic coccidian parasite of dogs.
Íåîñïîðà îîöèñòû î÷åíü ñõîäíû ñ Hammondia hammondii, íå-ïàòîãåííûì ïàðàçèòîì ó ñîáàê.
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Besnoitia besnoitii, Hammondia hammondii are very. similar to toxoplasma, and
they must be differentiated. from toxoplasma, even though there are some .
Besnoitia besnoitii, Hammondia hammondii î÷åíü ñõîäíû ñ òîêñîïëàçìîé, è îíè äîëæíû áûòü äèôôåðåíöèðîâàíû îò òîêñîïëàçìû, äàæå íåñìîòðÿ íà òî ÷òî åñòü íåêèå.
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Neospora.
3. Serologic testing of dogs??
· Not all dogs that shed oocysts have an antibody titer in the blood. This is unlike cats infected with Toxoplasma, which will NOT shed oocysts if they have a blood antibody tite
3. Ñåðîëîãè÷åñêèå òåñòû ó ñîáàê??
Íå âñå ñîáàêè êîòîðûå âûäåëÿþò îîöèñòû ñ ýêñêðåìåíòàìè èìåþò àíòèòåëà â êðîâè. Ýòî íå ïîõîæå â ÷àñòíîñòè íà êîøåê, èíôèöèðîâàííûõ Òîêñîïëàçìîé, êîòîðûå ÍÅ áóäóò âûäåëÿòü îîöèñòû, åñëè èìåþò â êðîâè òèòðû àíòèòåë.
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Òîêñîïëàçìà - èññëåäîâàíèå íà êðîëèêàõ.
http://tinyurl.com/9pqgn
On the other hand, the microscopicappearance of several protozoans (sarcocystis, Neosporacaninum, leishmanial forms of Trypanasoma cruzi,Besnoitia besnoitii, Hammondia hammondii) are verysimilar to toxoplasma, and they must be differentiatedfrom toxoplasma, even though there are some morphologic differences (1,5,15,19).
Ñ äðóãîé ñòîðîíû, ìèêðîñêîïè÷åñêèå ïðîÿâëåíèÿ íåêîòîðûõ ïðîòîçîàíç (ñàðêîñèñòèç, Íåîñïîðàêàíèíóì, ëåéøìàíèÿ ôîðìû Òðèïàíàñîìû êðóçè, Áåñíîéòà áåñíîéòèè, Õàììîíäèÿ õàììîíäèé) î÷åíü ñõîäíû ñ òîêñîïëàçìîé, è îíè äîëæíû áûòü äèôôåðåíöèðîâàíû îò òîêñîïëàçìû, äàæå õîòÿ òàì åñòü íåêîòîðûå ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêèå îòëè÷èÿ.
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Technical Abstract: Concurrent infections with coccidians Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis sp., and a Hammondia heydorni-like parasite were identified in tissues of three littermate pups on a Kelpie dog breeding farm in Australia.
Ïîâòîðÿþùèåñÿ èíôåêöèè ñ êîêöèäèÿìè Òîêñîïëàçìà, Ñàðêîñèñòèñ ñï, è Õàììîíäèÿ õåéäîðíè-ïîõîæèìè ïàðàçèòàìè áûëè îáíàðóæåíû â òêàíÿõ òðåõ ùåíÿòàõ íà Êåëïè ñîáà÷åé ôåðì å â Àâñòàëèè.
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The phylogenetic relationships amongst Hammondia, Neospora and Toxoplasma were investigated by DNA sequence comparisons of the D2/D3 domain of the large subunit ribosomal DNA and the internal transcribed spacer 1. The results obtained allow us to reject the hypothesis that N. caninum and H. heydorni are the same species and show that Hammondia hammondi is probably the sister taxon to Toxoplasma gondii.
(Received July 28 1998)
Ôèëîãåíåòè÷åñêèå îòíîøåíèÿ ìåæäó Õàììîíäèåé, Íåîñïîðîé è Òîêñîïëàçìîé áûëè èññëåäîâàíû ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ÄÍÊ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòåé D2/D3 äîìåíà áîëüøîãî ïîäîòäåëà ðèáîñîìíîé ÄÍÊ è âíóòðåííåãî òðàíñêðèáèðîâàííîãî ðàñïðåäåëèòåëÿ 1. Ïîëó÷åííûå ðåçóëüòàòû ïîçâîëÿþò îòâåðãíóòü ãèïîòåçó òîãî ÷òî N. caninum è H. hetdorni ýòî îäèí è òîò æå âèä è ïîêàçûâàþò ÷òî Hammandia hammandi ýòî ïðåäïîëîæèòåëüíî ñåñòðèíñêèé òàêñîí Toxoplasma gondii.
Ïîëó÷åíî Èþëü 28 1998.
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Òîêñîïëàçìèí äîëæåí áûòü ñïîñîáåí ïîìî÷ü ïðè çàðàæåííèè ñîñåäíèìè ñ òîêñîïëàçìîé âèäàìè: êðîññ-èììóíèòåò ìåæäó õàììîíäèåé è òîêñîïëàçìîé.
Cross-immunity between six strains of Hammondia hammondi and the M-7741 strain of Toxoplasma gondii was studied in mice and hamsters. Mice and hamsters were inoculated orally with 10(5) H. hammondi oocysts. All mice and hamsters survived. Four weeks later, they were challenged with 1 to 10(5) mean lethal doses (LD50) of the Toxoplasma oocysts. Animals that died were necropsied. Survivors were killed 30 days after challenge inoculation, and the number of cysts in brain and musculature was determined and compared with that of animals that were not immunized with H. hammondi. In one experiment, 36 mice were immunized with each of three H. hammondi strains. Four weeks later the mice were challenged with 1 to 10(5) LD50 doses of T. gondii oocysts. Of 108 mice immunized with H. hammondi, 103 survived challenge with Toxoplasma oocysts for 30 days, whereas only 3 of 36 unimmunized mice survived with similar doses of Toxoplasma oocysts. Fewer Toxoplasma cysts were found in mice immunized with H. hammondi than in unimmunized mice. In another experiment groups of six hamsters were each immunized with one of six H. hammondi strains and then challenged with 10(5) LD50 Toxoplasma oocysts. All unimmunized hamsters died between 9 and 13 days after inoculation. Percent protection in the various groups of immunized hamsters was: 100, 84, 66, 66, 50, and 33.
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"Bioluminescence Imaging of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Living Mice Reveals Dramatic Differences between Strains."
Áèîëþìèíèñòåíòíûå ñúåìêè Òîêñîïëàçìà ãîíäèè èíôåêöèè â æèâûõ ìûøàõ îòêðûâàþò äðàìàòè÷åñêèå ðàçëè÷èÿ ìåæäó ãåíåòè÷åñêèìè ëèíèÿìè. 2005.
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Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular coccidian protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa; this group includes Neospora, Hammondia, Besnoitia, Isospora, Sarcocystis, and Frankelia.
Toxoplasma gondii - ýòî îáëèãàòíûé èíòðàñåëëþëÿðíûé êîêöèäíûé ïðîòîçîéíûé â phylum Apicomplexa; ýòà ãðóïïà âêëþ÷àåò Neospora, Hammondia, Besnoitia, Isospora, Sarcocystis è Frankelia.
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Protozoan Parasites
AMOEBAE
Entamoeba histolytica
Acanthamoeba spp
Entamoeba coli
Naegleria fowleri
CILIATES
Balantidium coli
Ichthyophthirus multifillis
FLAGELLATES
Intestinal and urogenital Parasites
Trichomonas foetus
Trichomonas vaginalis
Trichomonas suis
Trichomonas gallinae
Trichomonas gallinarum
Trichomonas spp
Trichomonas equi
Hexamina meleagridis
Pentatrichomonas (Trichomonas) hominis
Giardia lamblia
Chilomastix spp
Histomonas meleagridis
AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMES
Trypanosoma bruci gambiensie
Trypanosoma bruci rhodensi
Trypanosoma bruci bruciy
Trypanosoma congolense
Trypanosoma vivax - Similar to T. congolense.
Trypanosoma equiperdum
AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMES
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma theileri
Trypanosoma cervi
Leishmaniasis
Old World
Leishmania donovani complex
Leishmania tropica complex
New World
Leishmania braziliensis complex
APICOMPLEXA
Coccidia
Cryptosporidium spp
Toxoplasma gondii
Sarcoystus spp
Encephalitozoon spp.
Hammondia
Besnoitia spp.
Hepatozoon spp-
Haemosporidia
Plasmodium vivax
Haemoproteus columbae
Leucocytozoon spp
Piroplasms
Babesia bigemina
Babesia sp.
Theileria parva parva
Theileria parva lawrenci- Similar to T. parva parva
Theileria cervi
Cytauxzoon felis
RICKETTSIAL ORGANISMS
Anaplasma marginale - Agent of gall disease throughout the world.
Ehrlichia spp
Epirythrozoon spp
Haemobartonella spp
Rickettsia rickettsii
Cowdria ruminatium
Spirochete Infections
Borrelia burgdorferi
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Ñîñòîÿíèå íàóêè íà ñåãîäíÿøíèé ìîìåíò ïî ïðîòîçîéíûì ïàðàçèòàì.
(Íå ðàçðàáîòàíî ÍÈ×ÅÃÎ ïîêà). Äàæå íåò òàêñîíîìè÷åñêèõ òàáëèö òî÷íûõ.
Ïðèçíàåòñÿ ÷òî:
Protozoan parasites, particularly the enteric Cyclospora, and Cryptosporidium, and the tissue dwelling Toxoplasma, Neospora, and Sarcocystis, cause significant disease in humans, domestic stock and companion animals resulting in great economic loss.
Ïðîòîçîéíûå ïàðàçèòû, â ÷àñòíîñòè êèøå÷íûå Cyclospora è Cryptosporidium, è òêàíåîáèòàþùèå Toxoplasma, Neospora è Sarcocystis âûçûâàþò çíà÷èòåëüíûå çàáîëåâàíèÿ ó ëþäåé, ïîãîëîâüå ñêîòà è äîìàøíèõ æèâîòíûõ ïðèâîäÿùèå ê áîëüøîìó ýêîíîìè÷åñêîìó óùåðáó.
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control measures are inadequate, hampered in part by the extreme difficulty in identifying the parasites and the diseases. Some parasite groups can be identified morphologically by experts, however, useful criteria for defining species, strains and populations are currently lacking.
ìåòîäû êîíòðîëÿ íåàäåêâàòíûå, çàòðóäíåíû ÷àñòè÷íî èç-çà êðàéíåé ñëîæíîñòè â èäåíòèôèêàöèè ïàðàçèòîâ è áîëåçíåé. Íåêîòîðûå ïàðàçèòàðíûå ãðóïïû ìîãóò áûòü èäåíòèôèöèðîâàíû ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêè ýêñïåðòàìè, îäíàêî, ïîëåçíûå êðèòåðèè äëÿ èäåíòèôèêàöèè âèäîâ, ëèíèé è ïîïóëÿöèé â íàñòîÿùèé ìîìåíò îòñóòñòâóþò.
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The project has four specific goals:.
1)to establish a phylogenetic framework for studying Sarcocystis epizootiology,.
2)to clarify the diversity and relationships among parasites related to Toxoplasma gondii,.
3)to compare the genetic structure of Toxoplasma gondii populations to those of its closest relatives, and.
4)to establish a reference collection of frozen parasites suitable for molecular systematics that will support research in food safety and animal health.
Ïðîåêò ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ÷åòûðå îñîáûõ çàäà÷è.
1) îñíîâàòü ôèëîãåíåòè÷åñêóþ îñíîâó äëÿ èçó÷åíèÿ ýïèçîîòèîëîãèè Ñàðêîöèñòèñà.
2) âûÿâèòü ðàçíîîáðàçèå è îòíîøåíèÿ ìåæäó ïàðàçèòàìè îòíîñÿùèìèñÿ ê Toxoplasma gondii
3) ñðàâíèòü ãåíåòè÷åñêèå ñòðóêòóðû Toxoplasma gondii ïîïóëÿöèé ñ ïîïóëÿöèÿìè åå áëèæàéøèõ ðîäñòâåííèêîâ.
4) îñíîâàòü ññûëî÷íóþ êîëëåêöèþ çàìîðîæåííûõ ïàðàçèòîâ ïîäõîäÿùèõ äëÿ ìîëåêóëÿðíîé ñèñòåìàòèêè êîòîðàÿ ñìîæåò ïîñëóæèòü â áåçîïàñíîñòè ïðîäóêòîâ è æèâîòíîãî çäîðîâüÿ.
http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/pro...s=true&fy=2004
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Tools were developed to differentiate parasites closely related to Toxoplasma gondii, the single most important foodborne parasitic threat to human reproductive health, in order to improve their differential diagnosis and in order to determine whether related parastic impose appreciable public health risk.
Ìåòîäû áûëè ðàçðàáîòàíû äëÿ äèôôåðåíöèðîâàíèÿ ïàðàçèòîâ áëèçêî ðîäñòâåííûõ Toxoplasma gondii, ñàìûì îïàñíûì ïèùåâîé ïàðàçèòè÷åñêîé óãðîçîé äëÿ ðåïðîäóêòèâíîãî çäîðîâüÿ ÷åëîâåêà, ñ öåëüþ óëó÷øèòü äèôôåðåíöèðîâàííûé äèàãíîç è äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ ïðèâíîñÿò ëè ðîäñòâåííûå ïàðàçèòè÷åñêèå âèäû çíà÷èòåëüíóþ óãðîçó ïóáëè÷íîìó çäîðîâüþ.
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Ãäå æå îíè ýòî ìåòîäû?
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 íàñòîÿùèé ìîìåíò åäèíñòâåííûé ÷åëîâåê â ìèðå êîòîðûé çàíèìàåòñÿ òåì î ÷åì óæå ó ìåíÿ 120 ïîñòîâ - ýòî ã-í Áåíäæàìèí Ðîçåíòàëü.
Ñïàñèáî Âàì ã-í Ðîçåíòàëü! ×å ìîæíî ñêàçàòü.
Technical Abstract: Toxoplasma gondii commands scientific interest and public health concern because of the burden it places on human health. Although this taxon represents but one of (at least) hundreds of related tissue cyst-forming coccidian Apicomplexans, we remain largely ignorant of this evolutionary context. In order to develop a clearer understanding of the group's history and epidemiology, we are exploring the extent of genetic variation and the manner in which such genetic diversity is partitioned in such related parasite taxa, using the tools of molecular systematics and comparative population genetics. Here, I explore problems in discerning relevant and useful definitions for parasite species and genera, focussing on new data derived from analyses of isolates presumpatively assigned to species of Hammondia and Besnoitia.
Òåõíè÷åñêèå Âûäåðæêè: Toxoplasma gondii ïðèâëåêàåò íàó÷íûé èíòåðåñ è îïàñåíèÿ çà ïóáëè÷íîå çäîðîâüå èç-çà òîãî âðåäà êîòîðîå îíî ïðèíîñèò çäîðîâüþ ÷åëîâåêà. Õîòÿ ýòîò òàêñîí ïðåäñòàâëÿåò òîëüêî îäèí èç (ïî êðàéíåé ìåðå) ñîòåí ðîäñòâåííûõ êèñòî-îáðàçóþøèõ êîêöèäèîçíûõ Apicomplexans, ìû îñòàåìñÿ â áîëüøîé ñòåïåíè íåîñâåäîìëåííûìè î åãî ýâîëáöèîííîì êîíòåêñòå. Äëÿ òîãî ÷òîáû ðàçðàáîòàòü áîëåå ÿñíîå ïîíèìàíèå ðàçìàõà ãåíåòè÷åñêîé âàðèàöèè è ìàíåðû â êîòîðîé òàêîå ãåíåòè÷åñêîå ðàçíîîáðàçèå ðàñïðåäåëåíî â òàêèõ ðîäñòâåííûõ ïàðàçèòè÷åñêèõ òàêñîíàõ, èñïîëüçóþ ìåòîäû ìîëåêëÿðíîé ñèñòåìàòèêè è ñðàâíèòåëüíîé ïîïóëÿöèîííîé ãåíåòèêè. Çäåñü, ÿ èññëåäóþ ïðîáëåìû â îïðåäåëåíèè ðàçëè÷èé îòíîñÿùèõñÿ è ïîëåçíûõ ê ïàðàçèòè÷åñêèì âèäàì è ãåíåðà, ôîêóñèðóÿñü íà íîâûõ äàííûõ ïîëó÷åííûõ èç àíàëèçîâ èçîëÿòîâ ïðåçóìïòèâíî ïðèïèñàííûõ ê âèäàì Hammondia è Besnoitia.
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Hammondia - ýòî ïðèìåðíî òîæå ñàìîå, ÷òî è Neospora.
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×èòàòåëü Íåäóã.Ðó
Êèðèëë, òû ñäàâàë àíàëèç íà òîêñîïëàçìîç? Ïî ìîåìó ó âñåõ îñòàëüíûõ Lg-îòðèöàòåëüíî.Ìíå êàæåòñÿ ýòó áîëåçíü íàäî ñâÿýûâàòü ñ ãîðëîì, è ñî âñåìè ìèêðîáàìè, èç-çà êîòîðûõ ìîãóò áûòü ïðîáëåìû ñ ãîðëîì, òèïà ìîæåò áûòü èåðñåíèé, ïîñëå ïðàçäíèêîâ ñäåëàþ ïîñåâ íà íåå, à ñêîëüêî ÿ óæå äåëàëà ïîñåâîâ íà ôëîðó: è íè÷åãî íå âûñååèâàëîñü, êðîìå òîãî, ÷òî êàê ãîâîðÿò âðà÷è åñòü ó âñåõ è â íîðìå
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×èòàòåëü Íåäóã.Ðó
ß òóò â èíåòå âû÷èòàëà: ó ìóæèêà áûëè ïðîáëåìû ñ ãîðëîì è îáùèì ñàìî÷óûñòâèåì, ñäàâàë êðîâü íà õëàìèäèè-îòðèö., ïöð èç ãîðëà íà õëàìèäèè- îòðèö., ñäåëàë ïîñåâ èç ãîëà íà õëàìèäèè-îáíàðóæåíî, íó êàê âàì?